arXiv:2510.03444v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: New time-dependent metric tensors with spherical symmetry satisfying the Einstein-Maxwell equations in space-times with FLRW asymptotic behaviour are derived here for the first time. These geometries describe dynamical charged non-rotating black holes hosted by the perfect fluid of the asymptotic FLRW space-times. Their gravitational sources are the stress-energy tensors formed by a contribution of the perfect fluid and an electromagnetic one due to the Coulomb field produced by the time-dependent black-hole charge in the asymptotic FLRW background. The dynamics of these models is determined by the dynamical mass, which may be an arbitrary function of time, and two arbitrary real-valued parameters. The first one simulates the effect of a cosmological constant as in our $kappa$-models we proposed recently [I. I. Cotaescu, Eur. Phys. J. C (2024) 84:819]. The second parameter relates surprisingly the dynamical black hole charge to the cubic root of the mass function. The role of these parameters is investigated analyzing simple examples of dynamical charged black holes in the matter-dominated universe.
Conclusions
The study presented in this article introduces new time-dependent metric tensors with spherical symmetry that satisfy the Einstein-Maxwell equations in space-times with FLRW asymptotic behavior. These derived geometries describe dynamical charged non-rotating black holes within the perfect fluid of the asymptotic FLRW space-times. The gravitational sources for these black holes come from both the perfect fluid and an electromagnetic contribution due to the Coulomb field generated by the time-dependent black-hole charge in the background.
The dynamics of these models are determined by the dynamical mass, which can vary with time, as well as two arbitrary real-valued parameters. These parameters play a crucial role in simulating the effect of a cosmological constant and establishing a relationship between the dynamical black hole charge and the mass function.
Future Roadmap
- Further investigation into the implications of the two arbitrary parameters on the dynamics of dynamical charged black holes.
- Exploration of more complex examples and scenarios involving these new time-dependent metric tensors with spherical symmetry.
- Validation of these models through observational data and comparison with existing theoretical predictions.
- Collaboration with researchers in the field to expand the scope of this study and potentially uncover new insights into the nature of black holes in FLRW space-times.
Potential Challenges and Opportunities
Challenges
- Complexity of the models may pose challenges in practical applications and numerical simulations.
- Verification of these theoretical constructs through empirical observations could be difficult due to the nature of black holes and their interactions with their surrounding environments.
Opportunities
- Advancements in computational techniques and simulations can help in exploring the dynamics of these new geometries in more detail.
- Collaborative efforts with observational astronomers and astrophysicists could lead to groundbreaking discoveries regarding the nature of black holes in FLRW space-times.