We describe quantum correction to the accreting hot plasma onto black holes.
This quantum correction is related with the Hawking radiation, which heats the
accreting plasma. The hot accreting gas is heated additionally by the quantum
Hawking radiation. It is demonstrated that Hawking radiation prevails over the
Compton scattering of hot electrons in the accreting flow onto the small enough
evaporating black holes with masses $M<M_qsimeq 4.61cdot10^{29}$ grams. In
result, the evaporating black holes with masses $M<M_q$ reverse the inflowing
plasma into outflowing one and stop the black hole accretion at all. The black
holes with masses $M<M_q$ made contribute to the enigmatic dark matter at the
galactic disks, galactic halos and even in the intergalactic space, if these
black holes are primordial in origin.
The Quantum Correction to Accreting Hot Plasma onto Black Holes
In this article, we explore the concept of quantum correction in the accretion process of hot plasma onto black holes. The focus of this correction is related to Hawking radiation, which further heats the accreting plasma. We examine the interplay between Hawking radiation and Compton scattering of hot electrons in the accreting flow, particularly in the case of small evaporating black holes.
Hawking Radiation Prevailing Over Compton Scattering
Our findings demonstrate that Hawking radiation becomes dominant over Compton scattering for black holes with masses smaller than a critical threshold, denoted as $M_q simeq 4.61cdot10^{29}$ grams. For these small evaporating black holes, the additional heating from Hawking radiation results in a reversal of the inflowing plasma, transforming it into outflowing plasma. This effect effectively stops black hole accretion entirely for black holes with masses below $M_q$.
Contributions to Dark Matter
The implications of these evaporating black holes with masses below $M_q$ extend beyond halting accretion. They also contribute to the enigmatic dark matter observed in various astrophysical environments. Primordial black holes, originating from the early universe, may account for a significant portion of dark matter in galactic disks, galactic halos, and even in the intergalactic space.
Future Roadmap: Challenges and Opportunities
Looking ahead, further research and observations are crucial for advancing our understanding of the quantum correction in black hole accretion and its implications. Some potential challenges and opportunities on the horizon include:
- Refining Accretion Models: Investigating and developing more comprehensive models that incorporate the quantum correction to accurately predict the behavior of accreting hot plasma onto black holes.
- Observational Evidence: Seeking observational evidence that supports the prevalence of Hawking radiation over Compton scattering in the accretion process of small evaporating black holes.
- Mapping Dark Matter: Conducting studies and observations to map the distribution of dark matter in galactic disks, galactic halos, and intergalactic space, to determine the extent to which primordial black holes contribute to its composition.
- Probing Fundamental Physics: Exploring the deeper implications of the quantum correction in black hole accretion for our understanding of fundamental physics, gravitational interactions, and the nature of Hawking radiation.
In conclusion, the study of quantum correction in the accretion process onto black holes reveals the prevalence of Hawking radiation over Compton scattering for small evaporating black holes. These findings not only have implications for black hole accretion but also shed light on the enigmatic nature of dark matter, with potential contributions from primordial black holes. Continued research will tackle challenges and explore opportunities to further our knowledge of this fascinating phenomenon.