by jsendak | May 13, 2025 | GR & QC Articles
arXiv:2505.06382v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We consider corrections to the Schwarzschild black hole metric arising from exotic long-range forces within quantum field theory frameworks. Specifically, we analyze two models: the Feinberg-Sucher potential for massless neutrinos and Ferrer-Nowakowski potentials for boson-mediated interactions at finite temperatures, yielding metric corrections with $r^{-5}$ and $r^{-3}$ dependencies. Using analytic expansions around the Schwarzschild photon sphere, we find that attractive potential corrections enhance gravitational lensing, enlarging the photon sphere and shadow radius, while repulsive potential corrections induce gravitational screening, reducing these observables. Our results clearly illustrate how different quantum-derived corrections can produce measurable deviations from standard Schwarzschild predictions, providing robust theoretical benchmarks for future astrophysical observations.
Conclusions
The study of corrections to the Schwarzschild black hole metric from exotic long-range forces within quantum field theory frameworks has revealed significant deviations from standard predictions. Analyzing models such as the Feinberg-Sucher and Ferrer-Nowakowski potentials has shown that attractive potential corrections enhance gravitational lensing effects, while repulsive potential corrections induce gravitational screening.
These results highlight the importance of considering quantum-derived corrections in understanding the behavior of black holes and the effects they have on observable phenomena such as the photon sphere and shadow radius. By providing robust theoretical benchmarks, this research paves the way for future astrophysical observations to test and further refine our understanding of black hole dynamics.
Future Roadmap
- Continue to refine models and simulations that incorporate quantum-derived corrections to the Schwarzschild black hole metric.
- Conduct observational studies to test the predictions of these corrections and compare them to standard Schwarzschild predictions.
- Explore the implications of these corrections for other astrophysical phenomena, such as gravitational wave detection and black hole mergers.
- Collaborate with experimentalists and observational astronomers to develop new methods for detecting and measuring the effects of quantum-derived corrections on black hole dynamics.
Potential Challenges
- Obtaining high-quality observational data to accurately test the predictions of quantum-derived corrections.
- Developing sophisticated modeling techniques to account for the complex interplay of exotic long-range forces in black hole environments.
- Securing funding and resources for large-scale observational campaigns and computational simulations.
Opportunities on the Horizon
- Advancing our understanding of the fundamental nature of black holes and their interactions with quantum fields.
- Opening up new avenues for exploring the boundary between classical and quantum physics in extreme gravitational environments.
- Contributing to the development of more accurate and comprehensive models for describing black hole dynamics in the universe.
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by jsendak | May 9, 2025 | GR & QC Articles
arXiv:2505.04667v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Entangled Relativity is a novel theory of relativity that offers a more economical approach than General Relativity. It successfully recovers both General Relativity and standard quantum field theory within a specific (yet generic) limit. Furthermore, Entangled Relativity precludes the existence of spacetime devoid of the matter that permeates it. Consequently, I argue that Entangled Relativity is not only preferable from the standpoint of Occam’s razor, due to its economical nature, but it also aligns more closely with Einstein’s original vision for a satisfactory theory of relativity.
Conclusions
Entangled Relativity is a promising new theory that presents a more economical approach to the study of relativity compared to General Relativity. It successfully combines aspects of both General Relativity and standard quantum field theory, offering a unified framework for understanding the universe. This theory also challenges the notion of spacetime as a separate entity from matter, emphasizing the interconnected nature of these fundamental components.
Future Roadmap
Opportunities
- Further research and testing of Entangled Relativity could lead to breakthroughs in our understanding of the fundamental workings of the universe.
- The integration of Entangled Relativity with other areas of physics, such as quantum mechanics and cosmology, may uncover new connections and insights.
- Exploration of practical applications of Entangled Relativity could open up possibilities for technological advancements in fields like space exploration and communication.
Challenges
- Acceptance and integration of Entangled Relativity into the existing body of scientific knowledge may face resistance and skepticism.
- Theoretical and experimental validation of Entangled Relativity predictions may pose significant technical challenges and require advanced scientific methods.
- Communicating the complex concepts of Entangled Relativity to a broader audience in a clear and accessible manner could be a barrier to widespread adoption and understanding.
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by jsendak | Jan 20, 2025 | GR & QC Articles
arXiv:2501.09784v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We present the interior solution for a static, spherically symmetric perfect fluid star backreacted by QFT in four dimensions invoking no arbitrary parameters. It corresponds to a constant energy density star and is fully non-perturbative. The space of solutions includes ultra-compact configurations that have neither singularities nor light rings inside the star and can exist arbitrarily close to the Schwarzschild limit, showing that the classical paradigm of astrophysics does not hold once QFT in curved space is taken into account.
Recently, a groundbreaking study has unveiled a new interior solution for a static, spherically symmetric perfect fluid star. This solution takes into account the backreaction of Quantum Field Theory (QFT) in four dimensions without the need for arbitrary parameters. The findings demonstrate that the classical astrophysical paradigm is incomplete when QFT in curved space is considered.
Roadmap for the Future
1. Further Exploration of the Interior Solution
The first step on the roadmap is to delve deeper into the implications of this new interior solution. Researchers should conduct thorough analyses and simulations to understand the properties, stability, and behavior of these perfect fluid stars with non-perturbative energy density.
Challenges: Investigating the intricate aspects of these solutions may pose computational challenges due to their complex nature. Additionally, acquiring precise measurements and data about real celestial objects to compare against the theoretical predictions might be challenging.
2. Observational Verification
Next, the roadmap should include observational efforts to detect and study stars that conform to the predictions of this new QFT-backreacted solution. Observatories and missions equipped with advanced instrumentation should be utilized to search for ultra-compact configurations without singularities or light rings.
Challenges: Identifying suitable candidate stars that match the QFT-backreacted solution predictions may be difficult, as they could exist arbitrarily close to the Schwarzschild limit. Ensuring precise measurements and observations to support or challenge the theoretical findings will require significant technological advancements.
3. Refining the Model
As research progresses, it will be crucial to refine the model by incorporating additional factors and complexities. This may involve considering other aspects of QFT, such as quantum gravity effects, as well as incorporating rotation and other forms of matter into the model.
Challenges: Developing a more comprehensive model will require interdisciplinary collaborations and significant advancements in theoretical frameworks. Integrating quantum gravity effects and other phenomena into the current model will present challenges in both theory and computational techniques.
4. Reevaluating Astrophysical Principles
The discoveries made in this study challenge the classical astrophysical principles that have guided our understanding of stars and their interiors for decades. Therefore, the roadmap should include reassessing and revising existing theories and principles in light of the non-perturbative QFT backreaction solution.
Opportunities: Reevaluating astrophysics principles provides an opportunity for groundbreaking advancements in our understanding of the universe. It can open up new avenues for research and potentially uncover layers of astrophysical phenomena that were previously unknown.
5. Potential Technological Applications
The study’s findings may have far-reaching implications beyond astrophysics. The roadmap should also include exploring potential technological applications that can be derived from the understanding of QFT backreaction effects in four-dimensional systems.
Opportunities: Exploring the technological applications of this research may lead to advancements in fields such as material science, quantum computing, and energy generation. Understanding the implications of QFT backreaction could spark innovation in various scientific disciplines.
Conclusion
The newly discovered interior solution for a static, spherically symmetric perfect fluid star backreacted by QFT opens up exciting avenues for future research. As scientists further explore this solution, overcome challenges, and verify observations, our understanding of the universe, astrophysics, and even technology could undergo radical transformations.
Reference: [arXiv:2501.09784v1]
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by jsendak | Dec 10, 2024 | GR & QC Articles
arXiv:2412.05378v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: The field equations of static, spherically symmetric geometries generated by anisotropic fluids is investigated with the aim of better understanding the relation between the matter and the emergence of minimal area throats, like in wormhole and black bounce scenarios. Imposing some simplifying restrictions on the matter, which amounts to considering nonlinear electromagnetic sources, we find analytical expressions that allow one to design the type of sought geometries. We illustrate our analysis with several examples, including an asymmetric, bounded black bounce spacetime which reproduces the standard Reissner-Nordstrom geometry on the outside all the way down to the throat.
Future Roadmap:
Introduction
The article investigates the field equations of static, spherically symmetric geometries generated by anisotropic fluids. The aim is to better understand the relation between the matter and the emergence of minimal area throats, such as in wormhole and black bounce scenarios. By imposing simplifying restrictions on the matter, analytical expressions are derived to design the desired geometries. Several examples are provided to illustrate the analysis, including an asymmetric, bounded black bounce spacetime.
Conclusions
- The article successfully investigates the field equations of static, spherically symmetric geometries generated by anisotropic fluids.
- An understanding of the relation between matter and the emergence of minimal area throats is achieved.
- Nonlinear electromagnetic sources are considered to impose simplifying restrictions on the matter.
- Analytical expressions are derived to design the desired geometries.
- Several examples, including an asymmetric, bounded black bounce spacetime, are provided to illustrate the analysis.
- The standard Reissner-Nordstrom geometry is reproduced on the outside down to the throat.
Future Roadmap
To further the research in this field, the following aspects can be considered:
1. Experimental Verification
Conducting experiments or observations to verify the existence of minimal area throats and the described geometries in real-world scenarios. This will help validate the theoretical findings and provide empirical evidence.
2. Generalization of Geometries
Exploring the possibilities of generalizing the derived geometries to different scenarios and dimensions. Investigating the behavior of anisotropic fluids and their relation to minimal area throats in various contexts, such as cosmological models or higher-dimensional spacetimes.
3. Mathematical Rigor
Providing a more rigorous mathematical framework for the derived analytical expressions. This could involve addressing any simplifying assumptions made and investigating the stability and uniqueness of the obtained solutions.
4. Practical Applications
Exploring potential practical applications of the designed geometries and minimal area throats. This could include investigating their use in areas such as gravitational lensing, traversable wormholes for space travel, or understanding the behavior of exotic matter.
Challenges and Opportunities
While the investigation of static, spherically symmetric geometries generated by anisotropic fluids has provided valuable insights, there are several challenges and opportunities on the horizon:
- Complexity of Field Equations: The field equations involved in describing anisotropic fluids and their relation to minimal area throats can be highly complex. Further research may require advanced mathematical tools and computational techniques to handle the complexity effectively.
- Experimental Validation: Verifying the existence of minimal area throats and the derived geometries in real-world scenarios may pose challenges due to their potentially rare occurrences or difficult observability. Collaborations with experimental physicists and astronomers could help bridge the gap between theory and observation.
- Theoretical Constraints: The simplifying restrictions imposed on the matter, such as nonlinear electromagnetic sources, may limit the scope of the analysis. Exploring the behavior of other types of matter or relaxing these constraints could provide new insights and broaden the understanding of minimal area throats.
- Interdisciplinary Collaboration: The study of minimal area throats and their relation to matter requires collaboration between physicists specializing in different subfields, such as general relativity, quantum field theory, and high-energy physics. Encouraging interdisciplinary collaborations can foster new ideas and approaches.
By addressing the above challenges and leveraging the opportunities, future research in this field has the potential to deepen our understanding of the connection between matter and the emergence of minimal area throats, leading to groundbreaking discoveries and advancements in theoretical physics and cosmology.
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by jsendak | Nov 19, 2024 | GR & QC Articles
arXiv:2411.10523v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We analyze the semiclassical Schwarzschild geometry in the Boulware quantum state in the framework of two-dimensional (2D) dilaton gravity. The classical model is defined by the spherical reduction of Einstein’s gravity sourced with conformal scalar fields. The expectation value of the stress-energy tensor in the Boulware state is singular at the classical horizon of the Schwarzschild spacetime, but when backreaction effects are considered, previous results have shown that the 2D geometry is horizonless and described by a non-symmetric wormhole with a curvature singularity on the other side of the throat. In this work we show that reversing the sign of the central charge of the conformal matter removes the curvature singularity of the 2D backreacted geometry, which happens to be horizonless and asymptotically flat. This result is consistent with a similar analysis recently performed for the CGHS model. We also argue the physical significance of negative central charges in conformal anomalies from a four-dimensional perspective.
Future Roadmap: Challenges and Opportunities
Introduction
In this article, we examine the conclusions drawn from analyzing the semiclassical Schwarzschild geometry in the Boulware quantum state within the framework of two-dimensional (2D) dilaton gravity. The classical model is defined by the spherical reduction of Einstein’s gravity sourced with conformal scalar fields. The expectation value of the stress-energy tensor in the Boulware state is found to be singular at the classical horizon of the Schwarzschild spacetime. However, considering the backreaction effects, previous studies have shown that the 2D geometry becomes horizonless, transforming into a non-symmetric wormhole with a curvature singularity on the other side of the throat. This work presents a new insight into this phenomenon by demonstrating that reversing the sign of the central charge of the conformal matter eliminates the curvature singularity and results in a horizonless and asymptotically flat 2D backreacted geometry. This finding aligns with a similar analysis performed for the CGHS model.
Roadmap
- Understanding the Boulware Quantum State
Readers should start by familiarizing themselves with the concept of the Boulware quantum state and its implications in the semiclassical Schwarzschild geometry. This state exhibits a singularity at the classical horizon, requiring further investigation to explore its behavior under backreaction effects.
- Exploring Backreaction Effects
Next, readers should delve into the examination of backreaction effects on the 2D dilaton gravity model. Analyze the previous results that demonstrate the transformation of the horizon into a wormhole with a curvature singularity on the other side of the throat. This offers a unique perspective on the nature of the backreacted geometry.
- Significance of Negative Central Charges
Consider the implications of reversing the sign of the central charge of the conformal matter. This key finding removes the curvature singularity and results in a horizonless and asymptotically flat 2D backreacted geometry. Relate this result to the recent analysis conducted for the CGHS model, which provides further support for the consistency and significance of negative central charges in conformal anomalies.
- Physical Significance from a Four-Dimensional Perspective
Finally, readers should evaluate the physical significance of negative central charges in conformal anomalies from a four-dimensional perspective. Reflect on the implications and potential applications of this understanding beyond the 2D dilaton gravity framework.
Challenges and Opportunities
- Challenges:
- Further research is needed to explore the broader implications of the newfound understanding of the curvature singularity and horizonless nature of the 2D backreacted geometry.
- Investigating the compatibility of these findings with other quantum gravity models and theories.
- Addressing potential limitations and assumptions of the 2D dilaton gravity framework and exploring its validity in higher dimensions.
- Opportunities:
- Probing the connection between the reversal of the central charge sign and the elimination of curvature singularities, potentially leading to new insights into the nature of wormholes.
- Exploring the implications of this research in other fields, such as black hole physics, quantum field theory, and quantum gravity.
- Investigating the potential applications in areas like information theory, holography, and cosmology.
Conclusion
This roadmap provides readers with an outline of the future research directions and potential challenges and opportunities in understanding the semiclassical Schwarzschild geometry within the framework of 2D dilaton gravity. By considering the backreaction effects and reversing the sign of the central charge, researchers have discovered a horizonless and asymptotically flat geometry, removing the curvature singularity. Further investigation is required to fully comprehend the physical significance of these findings and their applicability in other quantum gravity models and theories.
References:
arXiv:2411.10523v1 Announce Type: new
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